Foundational Numeracy Goals

These goals provide a structured framework for educators and parents to support children’s numeracy development at each stage of their educational journey. They are aligned with standards and guidelines from educational authorities, ensuring they are well-supported and validated by educational research and expert consensus.

Age Group	Numeracy Goals
Infants (0-2 years)	Recognizing simple patterns and shapes.
	Understanding basic concepts of more and less.
	Developing early counting skills through songs and games.
Toddlers (2-3 years)	Counting to 10 and recognizing numbers 1-10.
	Understanding basic concepts of size (big and small) and quantity (more and less).
	Identifying common shapes (circle, square, triangle).
Preschoolers (3-5 years)	Counting to 20 and recognizing numbers up to 20.
	Beginning to understand the concept of one-to-one correspondence in counting.
	Recognizing and creating simple patterns.
	Understanding and using positional words (first, last, middle).
Kindergarten (5-6 years)	Counting to 100 by ones and tens.
	Understanding basic addition and subtraction concepts.
	Recognizing and writing numbers up to 20.
	Identifying and comparing shapes and sizes.
1st Grade (6-7 years)	Understanding and performing simple addition and subtraction within 20.
	Counting to 120, starting from any number less than 120.
	Understanding the place value of tens and ones.
	Measuring lengths using non-standard units and beginning to use rulers.
2nd Grade (7-8 years)	Adding and subtracting within 100.
	Understanding and working with place values up to hundreds.
	Beginning to understand basic concepts of multiplication and division.
	Measuring and estimating lengths in standard units (inches, feet, centimeters, meters).
3rd Grade (8-9 years)	Multiplying and dividing within 100.
	Understanding fractions as numbers and representing them on a number line.
	Solving problems involving the four operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division).
	Measuring area and understanding the concept of perimeter.
4th Grade (9-10 years)	Adding and subtracting multi-digit whole numbers.
	Understanding and comparing fractions, including mixed numbers.
	Multiplying and dividing multi-digit numbers.
	Understanding basic concepts of geometry, such as types of angles and symmetry.
5th Grade (10-11 years)	Performing operations with fractions and decimals.
	Understanding and applying concepts of volume and measurement.
	Solving problems involving the coordinate plane.
	Analyzing patterns and relationships.
6th Grade and Up (11-12+ years)	Understanding ratios and proportional relationships.
	Working with negative numbers and the four operations.
	Solving more complex problems involving fractions, decimals, and percentages.
	Beginning to understand basic algebraic concepts and equations.